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Growing Economic Concerns

By John Lau

June 3, 2024 – From my vantage point, the biggest concern for this market right now is an unexpected economic slowdown because that is one of the few events that can potentially cause a material correction in stocks.  While economic data suggest slower growth—for example, the Q1 GDP revision implied slower growth—the details of the GDP report were still solid. Additionally, weekly jobless claims appear to be entering an uptrend (the first in years, perhaps) but they’re still extremely low in an absolute sense.

The concerns about that slowdown are disappointing earnings and corporate commentary.

While Q1 earnings were “fine,” they were mostly fine because U.S. companies are adept at controlling costs and maintaining margins, not because of solid aggregate demand, especially over the past few weeks. We have seen numerous companies from multiple industries post disappointing results based on a combination of underwhelming gross sales and the inability to maintain margins. Put plainly, the number of companies citing reduced demand or more cost-conscious customers are growing quickly and spreading across industries. This behavior is being called “retrenching” in the financial media and is another signal that the economy is experiencing slowing growth. Examples of companies reporting this type of behavior include (but are not limited to): Workday, Inc (WDAY), Salesforce (CRM), American Airlines (AAL), Kohl’s (KSS), Walgreens (WBA), Lululemon (LULU), Humana (HUM) and others.

Some segments of the market may cheer a slowdown and assume that would accelerate the Fed’s schedule to cut interest rates. But historically, the Fed has not been able to cut rates at the right time to prevent the slowdown from becoming a broader economic contraction. That doesn’t mean they can’t do it this time, but catching a falling knife doesn’t work in real life; it doesn’t work in stock trading, nor do I think it works in monetary policy. So, while I hope it does, I do want to push back on this “bad is good” idea.

Looking forward, bad data may continue to look good for the market a while longer; I’m not one to argue against price action. This doesn’t mean the S&P 500 cannot run to 5,700 or higher if we see a sharp drop in yields and when investors roll their earnings estimates at 2025 (which are currently at $270/share[1]). But I want to distinctly and clearly point out that the evidence of slowing growth on both the macroeconomic and microeconomic fronts is increasing my medium-term fear that investors may be complacent to economic slowdown risks. If an economic slowdown does appear on the horizon, I think the second half of the year could be much more volatile than the first half. My team and I will be closely watching macroeconomic data and microeconomic results to tell us if (or when) the slowdown appears imminent, because at that point it will be time to get defensive. For now, bad is still good so it makes no sense to materially de-risk, but we will continue to gradually move to reduce volatility in portfolios while still maintaining long exposure so that if we are wrong, our investments rise with the tide—and if we are right, we will be insulated from the coming volatility.

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[1] FactSet

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